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有读书笔记有附件A climatology of the tropical tropopause layer

热1 mjyi 添加于 2009-10-19 19:46 | 2378 次阅读 | 0 个评论

  •  作 者

    Gettelman A, Forster PMD

  •  摘 要

    The tropical tropopause layer (TTL) is a transition region between the troposphere and the stratosphere. In this study the vertical extent of the TTL is diagnosed from radiosonde and ozonesonde profiles in the tropics and a climatology of this layer is presented. The radiative balance in the TTL is also characterized. The TTL is locally defined as extending from the level of the lapse rate minimum at 1012 kin to the cold point tropopause (CPT) at 16-17 km. The minimum in lapse rate represents the level of maximum convective impact on upper tropospheric temperatures, which is found to closely correspond to a minimum in ozone. Variations in this level are correlated with convective activity as measured by satellite brightness temperatures and Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR). At the cold point, the TTL height is nearly uniform throughout the tropics, and has a pronounced annual cycle. There are regional variations in the altitude of the lower boundary of the TTL. Interannual variations of the TTL result from changes in the large scale organization of convective activity, such as from the El-Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Over the last 40 years, records indicate an increase (200-400 m) in the height of both the cold point tropopause and the level of minimum lapse rate. To better understand vertical transport in the TTL, the clear sky radiative heating rate is diagnosed using a sophisticated radiative transfer scheme. The level of zero radiative heating occurs roughly 1 kin below the CPT, implying that convection needs to loft air 4-5 km above the base of the TTL if the air is to eventually enter the stratosphere.

  •  详细资料

    • 关键词: STRATOSPHERE; TROPOSPHERE; EXCHANGE
    • 文献种类: Conference
    • 期刊名称: JOURNAL OF THE METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN
    • 期卷页: 2002年  第80卷 第4B期 911-924页
    • 出版社: METEOROLOGICAL SOC JPN, C/O JPN METEOROL AGENCY 1-3-4 OTE-MACHI, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, JAPAN
    • 地址: 1. Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA2. Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Reading, Berks England
    • ISBN: 0026-1165
    • 备注:International Symposium on Stratospheric Variations and Climate FUKUOKA, JAPAN, NOV 12-15, 2002

  • 学科领域 自然科学 » 地球科学

  •  标 签

    tropopause 

  •  mjyi 的文献笔记  订阅

    Gettelman定义热带对流层顶（TTL）为一个过渡性的气层，而不只是一个面。TTL上界为温度极小值点（CPT），大约为16-17km，下界为温度递减率极小值点（LRM），大约为10-12km

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